Earth's magnetic field deflects the solar commonly charged particles, forming the magnetosphere, a region of space, reminiscent of the droplet shape. The boundary of this region - the magnetopause - is located about 60 thousand kilometers of our planet.
But "the wind is changing," and when the polarity of its magnetic field is of opposite polarity magnetic field of the earth (which, incidentally, is not always the case) then there are three possible scenarios of their interaction:
1. The wind force is weaker than the geomagnetic field strength - nothing happens, the magnetosphere remains unperturbed.
2. The wind force exceeds the force of the geomagnetic field - there are substorms (perturbation of the magnetic field in the polar regions), and we, being on the pole, we can admire the northern lights.
3. The wind force greatly exceeds the force of the geomagnetic field - there are long-awaited magnetic storms, the magnetic field is perturbed not only in the polar regions, but near the equator. In this case, the aurora can be observed at low latitudes
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